The Board of School Education Haryana was established in 1969 at Chandigarh.The Board started working with a staff of 100 officials allocated from Punjab University, Chandigarh. Board conducted its first examination of matric level in year 1970. From year 1976, Board also started conducting Middle examination (8th class). In year 1981, Board was shifted to Bhiwani. In year 1987, Board started conducting 10+2 examination and later in 1990 also started conducting vocational examination.

In 1994 Board established Haryana Open School to increase its reach.

Board has adopted the semester system from session 2006-2007. It is the first Educational Board in India to do so and also the first Board to introduce relative grading, CCE (Continuous & Comprehensive Evaluation) in all board classes i.e. Middle, Secondary & Senior Secondary.